USMLE Step 3 Question #487

Posted on June 11, 2017 by Archer USMLE Reviews

487) 57-year-old male with a history of mild COPD has been using albuterol as needed to manage his COPD without any other maintenance medications. Recently he has been experiencing a greater degree of shortness of breath, wheezing and a productive cough. Pulmonary function tests demonstrate a FEV1 that is 60% of predicted. What is the next best step for management of his COPD?

A. Add budesonide to treatment regimen

B. Add rofilumast to treatment regimen

C. Add tiotropium to treatment regimen

D. Add tiotropium plus fluticasone to treatment regimen

E. Add carbocystine to treatment regimen

 

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Question of the Week # 470

Posted on April 14, 2015 by Archer USMLE Reviews

470) An 11-year-old with a history of asthma and seasonal allergies is currently using albuterol to manage asthma symptoms. Recently his use of albuterol has increased from 1-2 days per week to 4 times per week for several weeks, though does not experience his symptoms daily. On physical examination, you find that his vital signs are within normal limits. Auscultation of his lungs reveals mild end expiratory wheezing. Given his persistent symptoms, what change should be made to his current treatment regimen?

A. Add salmeterol twice daily

B. Add montelukast 10mg daily

C. Add fluticasone daily

D. Add formoterol + budesonide twice daily

E. Add tiotropium

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Question of the Week # 425

Posted on May 7, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews

425) A 80 day old african american woman with advanced dementia is admitted to the intensive care unit for overwhelming sepsis secondary to a urinary tract infection. At presentation she was hypoxemic and was subsequently, intubated and placed on a ventilator. Blood and urine cultures are obtained and she is started on antibiotics A chest x-ray post-intubation shows endotracheal tube in place and bilateral diffuse alveolar infiltrates. On examination, his pulse is 110/min, Blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg and respiratory rate is 18/min with the patient on Assist-Control mode on the ventilator. Pulse oximetry reveals 88% on Fio2 90%. Chest examination reveals diffuse crackles. Cardiac examination reveals tachycardia, there is no S3 gallop. Brain natriuretic peptide level is 50 pg/ml . A 2D echocardiogram shows normal left ventricular function with an ejection fraction of 60%. His ventilator settings are as follows : Assist-Control mode; Fio2 ( Fraction of inspired oxygen) : 90%, Respiratory rate : 18/minute, Tidal Volume : 500 ml, PEEP ( Positive End expiatory Pressure) : 5 cm H20 . Arterial blood gas analysis reveals ( on Fio2 70%): pH : 7.36, pCo2 : 45 mmHg, pO2 : 55 mm Hg, Bicarbonate : 23 Meq/L

Which of the following is indicated at this time?

A) Intravenous Furosemide

B) Swan-Ganz Catheter Placement

C) Increase PEEP by 3 cm H20

D) Increase Tidal Volume to 650 ml

E) Increase Fio2 to 100%

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Question of the Week # 358

Posted on April 16, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews

358)  A 36 year old man presents to your office for an annual health examination. During review of systems, he reports  feeling excessively sleepy during the day and forgetful at work. He states no matter how much he slept, it  does not make him feel rested in the morning. He denies snoring at night. He is athletic and maintains his body weight in a healthy range. He denies alcohol consumption, smoking or excessive caffeine use. His girlfriend reports that he abruptly moves his legs often during the night and that disturbs her as well. She has noticed him flexing his leg and extending his great toe repeatedly. The patient is not aware of this and he denies any pain or discomfort in his legs. Physical examination is unremarkable. Laboratory investigations including complete blood count, serum creatinine, electrolytes and a thyroid stimulating hormone are within normal limits. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Complex Partial Seizures

B) Restless leg syndrome

C) Nocturnal Leg Cramps

D) Myoclonus

E) Periodic Limb Movement Disorder

F) Sleep Apnea

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Question of the Week # 351

Posted on April 14, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews

351)  A 22 year old woman presents to the emergency room with complaints of shortness of breath, dizziness and tingling in her extremities. Her past medical history is unremarkable.  She denies any history of blood clots in her family.  She denies any recent long flight trips. She does not smoke. On examination, pulse is 110/min and  respiratory rate is 26/min. She is afebrile and blood pressure is within normal limits.  Pulse oximetry reveals 99% on room air. There are no physical abnormalities . A D-dimer level is 50µg/l . An electrocardiogram shows sinus tachycardia without ant ST-T changes. Chest x-ray is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

A) Start Conazepam

B) Re-breathing in to a paper bag

C) Start Calcium Gluconate

D) Re-assure and teach to deliberately slow down respiration

E) Admit to ward and start high flow oxygen

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Question of the Week # 348

Posted on April 9, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews

348)  A 6 year old boy is evaluated in your office for complaints of generalized swelling of his body. His mother reports she has noticed increasing swelling of his face, abdomen and extremities over the past 3 weeks.  He does not have any significant past medical problems  There is no history of fever or sore-throat. He denies shortness of breath or cough. On examination,  he is afebrile,  Blood pressure 100/60 mm Hg,  Heart Rate 88/min, Respiratory rate is 16/minute. He appears comfortable. His face is grossly swollen. There is mild ascites. Lower extremities reveal gross edema up until the level of knees.  Urinalysis showed 3+ proteinuria, no red cell or casts. A 24 hour Urine total protein is obtained and it shows proteinuria at  7.0 gm/24 hours. Serum total protein 4.0gm% and albumin 2.0gm% .  He is advised to start sodium restricted diet. Which of the following management options is most appropriate next step for this patient?

A) Admit and start Albumin infusion

B) Corticosteroid Trial

C) Renal Biopsy

D) Obtain Anti-Streptolysin O titer

E) Furosemide

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Question of the Week # 345

Posted on April 9, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews

345)  A 8 year old boy is brought to the Emergency room by his mother with complaints of  shortness of breath. His mother reports she has noticed increasing swelling of his face, abdomen and extremities over the past 4 weeks. She scheduled an appointment with his pediatrician in the upcoming week however, she brought him to the ER today because he started getting distressed because of breathing difficult. The patient does not have any significant medical problems and mother reports he has always been a “good kid” at the school.  There is no history of fever or sore-throat. On examination,  he is afebrile,  Blood pressure 100/60 mm Hg (Standing) , 108/60 ( Lying Down) and Heart Rate 92/min ( Standing), 88/min (Lying Down). He is tachypneic with respiratory rate is 26/min and is using accessory muscles. His face is grossly swollen. Breath sounds are reduced on both sides and there is massive ascites with scrotal edema. Lower extremities reveal gross edema up until the level of knees.  Urinalysis showed 3+ proteinuria, no red cell casts or hematuria. Urine total protein is 8.0 gm/24 hours. Serum total protein 4.0gm% and albumin 2.0gm% .  A chest X-ray shows bilateral pleural effusions. Which of the following management options is most appropriate next step for this patient?

A) Renal Biopsy

B) Corticosteroid Trial

C) Furosemide

D) Furosemide with Albumin infusion

E) Consult Nephrology

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