Posted on January 1, 2017 by Archer USMLE Reviews
A 50-year-old African american woman presents to your clinic with increased thirst and increased urination. You review her old records and it appears like she had a Chest X-ray in the ER last year that showed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. She was advised follow-up but she did not comply at that time. Upon examination, you discover some subcutaneous skin nodules and biopsy of one of these comes back positive for non-caseating granulomas.
Laboratory studies from a week ago show:
Hemoglobin 15.2gm%
Calcium : 11.6mg%
Creatinine : 1.0mg%
Which of the following investigations may explain the underlying mechanism of her Hypercalcemia?
A. Biopsy of Hilar Lymph Node
B. 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D Level
C. PTH related peptides
D. 1,25 di-hydroxy Vitamin D level
E. Serum Protein Electrophoresis
Filed under: USMLE STEP III QUESTION BANK, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, ARCHER STEP3 LIVE REVIEWS, ARCHER STEP3 RAPID REVIEW, Foundations of Independent Practice (FIP), lab interpretation, Pathophysiology correlation, usmle step 3 nephrology | 8 Comments »
Posted on June 9, 2013 by Archer USMLE Reviews
445) A 45 year old african-american man presents to the emergency room with altered mental status. His past medical history is significant for skin nodules. One of the nodule was recently biopsied and it revealed non-caseating granuloma. On examination, his oral mucosae are dry. Blood pressure is 90/60 . Skin examination reveals multiple scattered skin nodules about 1 to 2cm in diameter. Chest X-ray reveals bilateral hilar adenopathy. Laboratory Studies reveal
WBC 5400/µl
HGB: 11.8 gm%,
Platelets : 300k/µl
Calcium 14.2gm%
Creatinine 3.2mg%
Phosphorous 2.2mg%
He is started on agressive intravenous hydration. In addition to the above measures, you should also proceed with intervention directed to towards which of the following at this time ?
A) Reducing serum phosphorous
B) Reducing serum parathyroid hormone
C) Reducing Blood Calcitrol level
D) Promoting loop diuresis
E) Direct removal of calcium by Hemodialysis
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, ARCHER GENERAL MEDICINE, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, internal medicine board review, usmle step 3 nephrology | 19 Comments »
Posted on May 6, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
422) A 54-year-old man with history of Diabetes Mellitus and End-Stage Renal Disease is evaluated in your office during a follow up visit after undergoing hemo-dialysis in the morning. He has been dependent on Hemo-Dialysis for past four years and undergoes dialysis thrice a week. He reports recurrent epigastric abdominal pain that is burning in quality which is relieved by taking over the counter antacids. He denies any pain at this time. He denies any nausea or vomiting. He has no history of alcohol use or smoking. On examination, he is afebrile and vitals are stable. Abdominal examination is benign. Laboratory investigations are as follows:
WBC 8.0K/µL
Hemoglobin 10.5gm%
Serum amylase 200 IU/L ( N = 25 to 160 U/L)
Serum Lipase 150 IU/L (Normal = 25 to 80U/L)
AST 30 IU/L
ALT 40 IU/L
Total bilirubin 0.6gm%
Alkaline Phosphatase 80IU/L .
Which of the following is indicated in this patient at this time?
A) Ultrasound of the Gall Bladder
B) Nothing by mouth and IV hydration
C) No further investigations or treatment
D) Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography
E) CT scan of the Abdomen
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER GASTROENTEROLOGY, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE STEP 3 GASTROENEROLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology | 21 Comments »
Posted on April 9, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
348) A 6 year old boy is evaluated in your office for complaints of generalized swelling of his body. His mother reports she has noticed increasing swelling of his face, abdomen and extremities over the past 3 weeks. He does not have any significant past medical problems There is no history of fever or sore-throat. He denies shortness of breath or cough. On examination, he is afebrile, Blood pressure 100/60 mm Hg, Heart Rate 88/min, Respiratory rate is 16/minute. He appears comfortable. His face is grossly swollen. There is mild ascites. Lower extremities reveal gross edema up until the level of knees. Urinalysis showed 3+ proteinuria, no red cell or casts. A 24 hour Urine total protein is obtained and it shows proteinuria at 7.0 gm/24 hours. Serum total protein 4.0gm% and albumin 2.0gm% . He is advised to start sodium restricted diet. Which of the following management options is most appropriate next step for this patient?
A) Admit and start Albumin infusion
B) Corticosteroid Trial
C) Renal Biopsy
D) Obtain Anti-Streptolysin O titer
E) Furosemide
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, archer pediatrics, Archer pulmonology, dr.red nephrology lecture, usmle step 3 nephrology, USMLE STEP 3 PULMONOLOGY, USMLE STEP3 PEDIATRICS | 10 Comments »
Posted on April 9, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
347) A 34 year old man is recently diagnosed with Stage IIA Hodgkin’s lymphoma and has received one cycle of chemotherapy with Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine. He is scheduled to receive three more cycle followed by involved field radiation therapy. One week after his first cycle of chemotherapy, he presents to your office with increasing swelling of his legs. He denies any fever, chest pain, rash or shortness of breath. On examination, breath sounds are decreased in bilateral lower lungs. There is 2+ edema in his lower extremities. Laboratory investigations show reduced albumin at 2.5gm%. Urinalysis reveals 3+ proteinuria with out any evidence o red cells or red cell casts. A MUGA ( Multigated Acquisition Scan) has been ordered to evaluate his cardiac function and results are pending. Which of the following is most likely explanation of his presentation?
A) Adriamycin Cardiomyopathy
B) Allergic interstitial nephritis
C) Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
D) Bleomycin nephrotoxicity
E) Minimal Change Disease
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, Archer oncology, dr.red nephrology lecture, usmle step 3 nephrology, USMLE STEP 3 ONCOLOGY | 11 Comments »
Posted on April 9, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
346) A 54 year old woman presents to your office with progressively increasing swelling of her bilateral lower extremities and abdominal distension. She denies any fever, cough or shortness of breath. Her medical history is significant for hypertension and osteoarthritis. She takes Enalapril and Hydroclorthiazide for her hypertension and Ibuprofen for osteoarthritis on a daily basis . She denies any rash. On examination, she is afebrile, Blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg and respiratory rate is 18/min . Auscultation reveals reduced breath sounds on both sides. Abdominal exam is remarkable for shifting dullness consistent with ascites. Lower extremities reveal gross edema up until the level of knees. Urinalysis shows no eosinophils or redcells or casts, 3+ proteinuria, no nitrite or leukoesterase. Urine total protein is 6.0 gm/24 hours. Serum total protein 4.0gm% , albumin 2.0gm%. SGOT, SGPT and Alkaline phosphatase are within normal limits. Serum creatinine is o.8mg%. Skin examination si normal with out any rash. Which of the following management options is most appropriate next step for this patient?
A) Discontinue Enalapril
B) Renal Biopsy
C) Discontinue Ibuprofen
D) Furosemide
E) Obtain Anti-Nuclear Antibodies
F) Trial of Corticosteroids
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, usmle step 3 nephrology | 17 Comments »
Posted on April 9, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
345) A 8 year old boy is brought to the Emergency room by his mother with complaints of shortness of breath. His mother reports she has noticed increasing swelling of his face, abdomen and extremities over the past 4 weeks. She scheduled an appointment with his pediatrician in the upcoming week however, she brought him to the ER today because he started getting distressed because of breathing difficult. The patient does not have any significant medical problems and mother reports he has always been a “good kid” at the school. There is no history of fever or sore-throat. On examination, he is afebrile, Blood pressure 100/60 mm Hg (Standing) , 108/60 ( Lying Down) and Heart Rate 92/min ( Standing), 88/min (Lying Down). He is tachypneic with respiratory rate is 26/min and is using accessory muscles. His face is grossly swollen. Breath sounds are reduced on both sides and there is massive ascites with scrotal edema. Lower extremities reveal gross edema up until the level of knees. Urinalysis showed 3+ proteinuria, no red cell casts or hematuria. Urine total protein is 8.0 gm/24 hours. Serum total protein 4.0gm% and albumin 2.0gm% . A chest X-ray shows bilateral pleural effusions. Which of the following management options is most appropriate next step for this patient?
A) Renal Biopsy
B) Corticosteroid Trial
C) Furosemide
D) Furosemide with Albumin infusion
E) Consult Nephrology
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, archer pediatrics, Archer pulmonology, dr.red nephrology lecture, usmle step 3 nephrology, USMLE STEP 3 PULMONOLOGY, USMLE STEP3 PEDIATRICS | 7 Comments »
Posted on April 1, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
336) A 21 year old hispanic woman is evaluated in your office for recently diagnosed Hypertension. On previous two visits, her blood pressure was 150/90 mm HG. She denies any family history of Hypertension. Her Past medical history is significant for multiple Urinary tract infections and enuresis as a child. She has no other complaints. On examination, her repeat blood pressure is 148/92 mm HG. There are no abdominal bruits. Ultrasonography reveals scarring of both kidneys. Which of the following is an important feature of this condition?
A) Positive Anti-DsDNA
B) Strong Genetic Pre-disposition
C) Association with Berry aneurysms
D) Postural Hypotension
E) Abdominal Striae
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer cardiology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, archer pediatrics, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology, USMLE STEP3 PEDIATRICS | 14 Comments »
Posted on March 4, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
332) A 22 year old ballet dancer is evaluated in your office during a routine annual physical examination. She does not have any complaints except for excessive fear of gaining weight. She reports that her mother thinks she has lost a lot of weight in the past two years however, she personally believes she is excessively fat and seeks help to lose more weight. Her menstrual cycles are irregular occurring, once every three to four months. On examination, she is very thin and has a dry, scaly skin. Her Body Mass Index is 15.0. She is afebrile, heart rate is 54/min and blood pressure 86/54 mm Hg. Complete blood count shows mild anemia. Urine pregnancy test is negative. Which of the following findings are consistent with her diagnosis?
A) Metabolic Acidosis
B) Parotid swelling
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Low serum cortisol
E) Increased Pulmonary vital capacity
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer Gynecology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, archer sports medicine, usmle step 3 gynecology, usmle step 3 nephrology, usmle step 3 sports medicine | 15 Comments »
Posted on February 28, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
330) A 55 year old man is brought by the EMS to the emergency room in a disoriented state. The patient has alcohol smell on his breath. Reviews of his past records reveal history of chronic alcohol abuse. His girlfriend arrives in the ER few minutes later and she reports that the patient has not been eating anything because he has been drinking heavily and vomiting over the past three days. On examination, he is afebrile, blood pressure 130/82 mm Hg, RR 18/min and Pulse 82/min. When the nurse attempts to check blood pressure, the patient develops carpo-pedal spasm (Trousseau sign). Chest is clear to auscultation.
Laboratory investigations reveal:
Ethanol level 140mg%
Serum Sodium 142 meq/L
Serum Potassium 3.2meq/L
Serum Chloride 106meq/L
Calcium 6.2 mg% (N = 9.0 to 10.5)
Bicarbonate 25 meq/L
Creatinine 1.2 mg%
Albumin 3.9 gm% (N = 3.5 to 5.0 gm %)
Patient is treated with Calcium gluconate and then, another dose of calcium chloride. Repeat serum calcium level is 5.8mg%. Trousseau sign is still positive.
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in managing this patient?
A) Obtain Serum Ionized Calcium
B) Obtain Serum Magnesium Level
C) Obtain Paratharmone level
D) Start potassium chloride
E) Obtain Vitamin D level
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, usmle step 3 nephrology | 10 Comments »
Posted on February 7, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
320) A 65 – year-old woman is evaluated in your office during a follow-up visit. Her medical problems include Diabetes mellitus type II and hypertension. She is being managed on oral metformin, glyburide and hydrochlorthiazide. Her most recent hemoglobin A1C is 6.5%. Her urine was negative for microalbumin three months ago. Her past medical history is significant for hospitalization for angioedema which occured after initiation of Enalapril three years ago. Physical examination is unremarkable. The patient requests if she can be started on Angiotensin Receptor Blocker ( ARB) because she read about its beneficial effects in preventing kidney damage in diabetics. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?
A) “You are correct. I will start you on ARB”
B) ” You can not be started on ARB because of history of Angioedema”
C) “You can start ARB but need pre-medication with steroids”
D) ” You can start ARB but there is a small risk of Angioedema”
E) ” Hydralazine/ Nitrate combination offers similar reno-protective effect as ARB”
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer cardiology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology | 9 Comments »
Posted on February 7, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
319) A 64-year-old man with history of diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease is admitted for complaints of weakness and contractures in his extremities associated with tight and thickened skin. He denies any past history of finger or toe discoloration on exposure to cold. He is dialysis dependent and undergoes hemodialysis three times in a week. His most recent dialysis was a day ago. His symptoms started 3 days prior to presentation and have progressively worsened. Three weeks prior to admission , the patient had a transient ischemic attack. An MRI with Gadolinium performed at that time did not reveal any abnormalities. He denies any neurological symptoms at this time. The patient’s medications upon admission include Aspirin, Insulin Glargine and Lisinopril. On physical examination, the patient appears chronically ill. He is afebrile, blood pressure 120/70 mmHg and pulse rate was 82/minute. Skin examination reveals diffuse nonerythematous thickening and tightening of the skin over the abdomen, arms and legs. Chest and the face are spared. There are contractures in upper and lower extremities extremely limiting the range of motion of the involved joints. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein are elevated. Calcium is 8.0mg% and phosphorous 4mg% with calcium – phosphorous product of 32. An image of his upper extremity is shown below
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Systemic sclerosis
B) Calciphylaxis
C) Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis
D) Cryoglobulinemia
E) Eosinophilc Fascitis
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: archer dermatology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dermatology usmle, dermatology usmle step 3 questions, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE STEP 3 DERMATOLOGY, usmle step 3 dermatology images, usmle step 3 nephrology | 10 Comments »
Posted on January 30, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
318) A 55 year old woman underwent a debulking surgery with total abdominal hysterectomy, Salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy and appendicectomy for a recently diagnosed Stage IIIC Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Her intra-operative course was complicated by severe blood loss and she received about 15 units of Packed Red Blood Cells. She is currently in the intensive care unit. Six hours after surgery, her blood pressure drops to 80/50 mm Hg. On examination, she is afebrile. She is drowsy but can be awakened. She denies any chest pain or shortness of breath. She has muscle tremors. Chest is clear to auscultation. Abdominal sutures are intact with no clinical evidence of Hematoma. An electrocardiogram is shown below:
Which of the following is the most likely explanation of the patient’s acute findings?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Acute Myocardial Infarction
C) Circulatory Overload
D) Transfusion Associated Acute Lung injury
E) Citrate Toxicity
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER ACID-BASE, Archer cardiology, ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, Archer hematology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, Hematology, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, USMLE step 3 Hematology, usmle step 3 nephrology | 5 Comments »
Posted on January 30, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
317) A 68-year-old african-american man with history of NYHA Class III congestive heart failure presents to your office for a follow up visit. His other medical problems include Hypertension, Stage II chronic kidney disease and Coronary artery disease. During his office visit three months ago , she was noted to have moderate hyperkalemia. At that time, his medications were adjusted which involved discontinuation of spironolactone and dose-reduction of ACE inhibitor. His other medications included Atenolol and Aspirin. She reports that she was admitted to hospital two weeks ago with severe hyperkalemia. He denies any complaints at this time. A serum potassium level is 4.5mEq/l , serum creatinine 1.8mg% and most recent echocardiogram revealed a left ventricular ejection fraction of 35% . His current medications include Atenolol, Hydrochlorthiazide and Aspirin. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
A) Re-start ACE inhibitor at a lower dose
B) Start Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB)
C) Start Hydralazine and Isosorbide
D) Continue current medications
E) Start Spironolactone
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER ACID-BASE, Archer cardiology, ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology | 8 Comments »
Posted on January 30, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
316) A 72-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with right leg deep vein thrombosis. He has a history of prostate cancer, well-controlled diabetes and mild renal insufficiency. His baseline creatinine is usually between 1.4 to 1.6mg%. His laboratory investigations at admission were normal except for increased creatinine at 1.4mg% . Venous doppler showed leg femoral deep vein thrombosis in femoral vein. He was started on Heparin drip and oral warfarin. Three days after admission, the patient develops persistent hyperkalemia (6.5 to 7.0 mEq/l). Rest of his electrolytes are normal and renal function is at his baseline. His INR ( International Normalized Ratio) is 1.4. There are no EKG abnormalities. His Urine Osmolality is 300mOsm/kg, Urine K 20 mmol/L and Serum Osmolality 280 mOsm/kg. He is given insulin and dextrose therapy however, hyperkalemia persists. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
A) Start Kayexalate
B) Discontinue Heparin and Start Enoxaparin
C) Discontinue Heparin and place Green field filter
D) Hemodilaysis
E) Intravenous Sodium bicarbonate
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER ACID-BASE, Archer emergency medicine, ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, usmle step 3 nephrology | 8 Comments »
Posted on January 30, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
315) A 64-year-old man with history of diabetes mellitus is evaluated in your office during a follow-up visit . He was admitted to the hospital one week ago because of incidentally discovered high serum potassium of 7.0mEq/L on his routine labs. He has history of hypertension and Stage I chronic kidney disease . His medications prior to the hospital admission included glyburide and enalapril. However, Enalapril was discontinued and he was started on hydrochlorthiazide during that admission. He denies any complaints at this time. A serum potassium level is 4.5mEq/l , serum creatinine 1.8mg% and urinalysis reveals proteinuria. 24 hour urine collection reveals 300mg proteinuria/24hrs. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
A) Re-start Enalapril at 50% of previous dose
B) Start Losartan
C) Start Hydralazine and Isosorbide
D) Start Spironolactone
E) Renal biopsy
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER ACID-BASE, ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, usmle step 3 nephrology | 10 Comments »
Posted on January 30, 2012 by Archer USMLE Reviews
314) A 70-year-old man presented to the Emergency room with a 2-day history of increased thirst and frequency of urination. He reports generalized muscle weakness. His past medical history is significant for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Stage III chronic kidney disease. His medications include Insulin Glargine, Lispro insulin, Enalapril , Atenolol and Spironolactone. Laboratory investigations reveal
Blood glucose 400mg%
Sodium 130 mEq/L
Potassium 7.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate 26mEq/L
Chloride 100mEq/L
Creatinine 4.2mg%
An electrocardiogram is shown below:
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
A) Reduce the dose of Enalapril
B) Hemodialysis
C) Insulin Intravenous
D) Calcium Gluconate IV
E) Sodium biacrbonate IV
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER ACID-BASE, Archer cardiology, ARCHER ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS, ARCHER FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology | 11 Comments »
Posted on July 10, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
229 ) A 70-year-old white man with history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension is evaluated in the emergency room for severe pain in the right thigh. The patient has a coronary artery disease for which he underwent cardiac catheterization with percutaneous coronary intervention 2 days ago. He denies any chest pain or shortness of breath. On physical examination, temperature is 99.2F, HR 120/min and blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg. There is erythema at the site of cardiac catheterization in the femoral area. Laboratory studies reveal a creatinine of 4.2mg% as opposed to his baseline creatinine of 1.8mg% one week ago. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Toxic shock syndrome
B) Atheroembolism
C) Contrast Nephropathy
D) Ruptured femoral artery pseudo-aneurysm
E) Retroperitoneal bleeding
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer cardiology, Archer Critical Care, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 critical care, usmle step 3 nephrology | 14 Comments »
Posted on July 10, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
228 ) A 70-year-old white man with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension is evaluated in the emergency room for lacy purplish discoloration of the lower extremities that developed few hours ago. He reports diffuse bodyaches and low grade fever. He denies chest pain or shortness of breath. His past medical history is significant for coronary artery disease for which he underwent cardiac catheterization with percutaneous coronary intervention one week ago. He has a history of chronic atrial fibrillation for which he is on 5mg coumadin daily. His most recent INR has been therapeutic at 2.5. Physical examination reveals lacy purplish pattern on bilateral lower extremities shown in the image below.
The site of cardiac catheterization in the femoral area is clean and healing with out any tenderness or erythema. Neurological examination is normal. Laboratory studies reveal a creatinine of 4.2mg% as opposed to his baseline creatinine of 1.8mg% one week ago. Hemoglobin and platelet count are within normal limits. WBC count is 12.6k/µl with neutrophils 70%, bands of 2% , eosinophils 18% and lymphocytes 10%. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Toxic shock syndrome
B) Atheroembolism
C) Contrast Nephropathy
D) Anti-Phospholipid antibody syndrome
E) Cryoglobulinemia
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer cardiology, Archer Critical Care, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, dr.red nephrology lecture, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 critical care, usmle step 3 nephrology | 8 Comments »
Posted on July 9, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
223 ) A 38 year old obese African American man presented to the emergency department with headache, blurred vision and weakness. His past medical history was unremarkable. He smoked about 1 pack per day for 20 years. On examination, this patient’s blood pressure was 210/140 mmHg, heart rate 98/min, RR 20/min and temperature 98.6 F. He is alert, awake and oriented. Physical examination is unremarkable. There are neurological deficits. Laboratory investigations showed Hemoglobin 8.2 g/dl, White cell count 10k/µl, Platelets 97000/µl, Sodium 140meq/L, Potassium 4.0meq/L, Bicarbonate 24meq/L, BUN 34 and Creatinine 3.2mg% . Further investigations included a Lactic dehydrogenase which was elevated at 900U/L and a reticulocyte count of 7.0% . A periphreral smear is shown below :
The most appropriate next step in managing this patient:
A) Fresh frozen plasma
B) Intravenous Labetalol
C) Plasmapheresis
D) Intravenous Nitroprusside
E) Hemodialysis
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer cardiology, Archer hematology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 critical care, USMLE step 3 Hematology, usmle step 3 nephrology | 12 Comments »
Posted on July 9, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
220 ) A 32 year old woman presents to the office for evaluation of dysuria, frequency and urgency. She has had two episodes of urinary tract infection in the last 4 months. Her previous episodes were managed with 3 day course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. She has been using cranberry juice but has not experienced any improvement in recurrences. At this time, she denies any flank pain or fever. She is sexually active with one partner and uses diaphragms with spermicide for contraception. Physical examination is normal except for mild supra-pubic tenderness. There is no costo-vertebral angle tenderness. Urinalysis reveals pyuria and 3+ leukoesterase. There are no WBC casts. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation to avoid recurrent urinary tract infections in this patient?
A) Post-coital voiding
B) Post-Coital Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
C) Avoid vaginal spermicides
D) CT scan abdomen
E) Daily Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer Infectious Diseases, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, ARCHER UROLOGY, USMLE STEP 3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES, usmle step 3 nephrology, usmle step 3 urology | 4 Comments »
Posted on July 9, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
219 ) A 32 year old woman presents to the office for evaluation of recurrent urinary tract infections. She has had two episodes of cystitis in the last 4 months. In the past she was managed with 3 day course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Now, she presents with burning micturition, urgency and frequency. She denies flank pain or fever. She uses diaphragms with spermicide for contraception. She is sexually active with one partner and her last sexual intercourse was 5 months ago since her partner is away on a business tour. Physical examination is normal except for mild supra-pubic tenderness. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation to avoid recurrent urinary tract infections in this patient?
A) Post-coital voiding
B) Post-Coital Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
C) Avoid vaginal spermicides
D) CT urogram and Cystoscopy
E) Daily Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer Infectious Diseases, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, ARCHER UROLOGY, USMLE STEP 3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES, usmle step 3 nephrology, usmle step 3 urology | 5 Comments »
Posted on July 9, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
218 ) A 36 year old woman presents to the office for a routine follow up visit. Her past medical history is significant for recurrent urinary tract infections which are unrelated to sexual intercourse. She was initially managed on intermittent self-treatment with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. However, in view of frequent episodes of UTI she was started on continuous Trimthoprim prophylaxis one week ago. She denies any fever or abdominal pain. She has not had dysuria or frequency or urgency over the last 5 days. Physical examination is normal. Laboratory investigations reveal a WBC count of 6.3k/µl with normal differential, Sodium 140meq/l, Potassium 4.0meq/l, Blood urea nitrogen 10mg% and Creatinine 1.4mg% . Her labs obtained 1 month ago show Blood urea nitrogen of 12mg% and creatinine of 0.7mg%. The most likely explanation for her increased creatinine?
A) Allergic Interstitial Nephritis
B) Acute Tubular Necrosis
C) Pyelonephritis
D) Decreased tubular secretion
E) Papillary necrosis
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer Infectious Diseases, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, USMLE STEP 3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES, usmle step 3 nephrology | 5 Comments »
Posted on July 9, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
217 ) A 36 year old woman presents to the office complaining of burning urination, urgency and frequency. She denies fever or abdominal pain. She is sexually active with one partner for the past 1 month and her partner always uses condoms. Her past medical history is significant for peri-partum cardiomyopathy 2 years ago which spontaneously resolved. She recalls that she was treated with furosemide for her peripheral edema at that time however, the drug had to be stopped due to a severe rash. On physical examination, she is afebrile. There is mild supra-pubic tenderness with out any costo-vertebral angle tenderness. Urinalysis reveals bacteriuria and several white blood cells with out any casts. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in managing this patient?
A) Admit for Intravenous antibiotics
B) Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
C) Piperacillin-Tazobactam
D) Moxifloxacin
E) Trimethoprim
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer Infectious Diseases, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, USMLE STEP 3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES, usmle step 3 nephrology | 5 Comments »
Posted on June 16, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
186) A 65 year old woman is evaluated in your office for lower extremity swelling and weakness. She has difficulty speaking for the past 3 months. Her past medical history is significant for renal insufficiency and hypertension that was diagnosed 6 months ago. A TSH level that was obtained 3 weeks ago was normal. She smokes cigarettes, about 1 pack per day for the past 35 years. Her medications include Lisinopril and Hydrochlorthiazide. On physical examination, her heart rate and rhythm are regular. Lungs are clear to auscultation. She has gross edema of the lower extremities. There is no extremity weakness. Head and neck examination reveals findings as shown below:
Most appropriate next step in management of this patient:
A) Stop Lisinopril
B) Start Levothyroxine
C) Intubation
D) Abdominal fat pad biopsy
E) Serum immunoelectrophoresis
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: archer usmle step 3, USMLE step 3 Hematology, usmle step 3 nephrology, usmle step 3 questions, USMLE step 3 Rheumatology | 2 Comments »
Posted on June 16, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
185) A 65 year old woman is evaluated in your office for lower extremity swelling and weakness. She reports difficulty speaking for the past three months. Her past medical history is significant for renal insufficiency and hypertension that was diagnosed 6 months ago. A TSH level that was obtained 3 weeks ago was normal. She smokes cigarettes, about 1 pack per day for the past 35 years. Her medications include Lisinopril and Hydrochlorthiazide. On physical examination, her heart rate and rhythm are regular. Lungs are clear to auscultation. She has gross edema of the lower extremities. There is no extremity weakness. Head and neck examination reveals findings as shown below:
Which of the following is most likely to be abnormal in this patient?
A) Free thyroxine
B) Serum immunoelectrophoresis
C) Rheumatoid factor
D) ACE Level
E) Bradykinin level
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: archer usmle step 3, USMLE step 3 Hematology, usmle step 3 nephrology, usmle step 3 questions, USMLE step 3 Rheumatology | 1 Comment »
Posted on June 14, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
Q176) A 48 Year old woman is evaluated in your office for a skin eruption that appeared few days ago. She has a history of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that was treated 2 years ago and is in remission. A PET ( positron emission tomography) scan that was performed 3months ago did not reveal any evidence of recurrent disease. She also reports recurrent episodes of genital herpetic lesions which resolve spontaneously. Her most recent genital herpetic eruption was 4 weeks ago and it was self-limited. At this time, she is concerned about a skin eruption that is predominantly distributed on her arms, hands and feet. On examination, there is no peripheral lymphadenopathy. Genital examination is normal with out any vesicles or papules. Skin examination reveals the lesions as shown in the image below.
The most appropriate management option for this patient:
A) Observation
B) Repeat PET/CT scan
C) Start Acyclovir
D) Biopsy of the lesion
E) Start antihistamine
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer cardiology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology, USMLE Step 3 question bank, usmle step 3 questions | 4 Comments »
Posted on June 8, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
Q175) A 28 Year old man is evaluated in your office during a pre-employment health check-up . His history is notable for severe hypertension for which he was started on beta blocker a year ago. He says he stopped the medication 6 months ago because it interfered with his sexual activity. On examination his blood pressure is 172/94. Cardiovascular examination revealed a systolic murmur that radiates to the back and associated with ejection click. Brachio-femoral delay in pulses is noted. The patient is agreeable to restart antihypertensive therapy. The most appropriate management option for this patient:
A) Cardiac catheterization with Stenting
B) Percutaneous coronary intervention
C) Surgery
D) Medical management of Hypertension
E) Aortic valvulotomy
Filed under: Uncategorized, USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: Archer cardiology, ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, USMLE STEP 3 CARDIOLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology, USMLE Step 3 question bank, usmle step 3 questions | 7 Comments »
Posted on June 8, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
174) A 52 year old African-american woman is seen in the office during a regular follow-up visit. Her history is significant for diabetes mellitus and hypertension. She has been suffering from cough over the past two weeks. She feels that there is a tickle at the back of the throat which leads to paroxysms of coughing. Her medications include Aspirin, Glipizide, atorvastatin, enalapril and Hydrochlorthiazide. Enalapril was started 3 weeks ago at a low dose of 5mg/day. On examination, blood pressure is 132/90 mm Hg seated and standing. Her physical examination is normal. Laboratory values reveal a serum creatinine concentration of 1.8mg/dl. Her baseline creatinine 1 month ago was 1.5mg%. Which of the following is not an indication to stop ACE inhibitor?
A) Swelling of the lips and tongue
B) 20% increase in serum creatinine
C) Intractable severe cough
D) Serum potassium of 6.5mmol/L
E) Hypovolemia with shock
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, usmle step 3, usmle step 3 nephrology | 5 Comments »
Posted on June 8, 2011 by Archer USMLE Reviews
173) A 52 year old African-american woman is seen in the office during a regular follow-up visit. Her history is significant for diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Her medications include Aspirin, Glipizide, atorvastatin and losartan. She states that she stopped taking diuretic because it increased her frequency of urination that it interfered with her active lifestyle.
On examination, blood pressure is 152/94 mm Hg seated and standing. Her physical examination is normal. Laboratory values reveal microalbuminuria of 250mg/24hours and a serum creatinine concentration of 1.3mg/dl. Based on the findings above, her blood pressure medications should be optimized to achieve which of the following targets?
A) < 140/90
B) < 135/85
C) <130/80
D) <120/70
E) <130/90
Filed under: USMLE Test Prep | Tagged: ARCHER NEPHROLOGY, usmle step 3 nephrology, usmle step 3 questions | 6 Comments »
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